Determination of the Existence of Partnership; Article 1769
Article 1769. In determining whether a partnership exists, these rules shall apply:
(1) Except as provided by article 1825, persons who are not partners as to each other are not partners as to third persons;
(2) Co-ownership or co-possession does not of itself establish a partnership, whether such-co-owners or co-possessors do or do not share any profits made by the use of the property;
(3) The sharing of gross returns does not of itself establish a partnership, whether or not the persons sharing them have a joint or common right or interest in any property from which the returns are derived;
(4) The receipt by a person of a share of the profits of a business is prima facie evidence that he is a partner in the business, but no such inference shall be drawn if such profits were received in payment:
(a) As a debt by installments or otherwise;
(b) As wages of an employee or rent to a landlord;
(c) As an annuity to a widow or representative of a deceased partner;
(d) As interest on a loan, though the amount of payment vary with the profits of the business;
(e) As the consideration for the sale of a goodwill of a business or other property by installments or otherwise. (Civil Code; Republic Act No. 386)
(1) Except as provided by article 1825, persons who are not partners as to each other are not partners as to third persons;
(2) Co-ownership or co-possession does not of itself establish a partnership, whether such-co-owners or co-possessors do or do not share any profits made by the use of the property;
(3) The sharing of gross returns does not of itself establish a partnership, whether or not the persons sharing them have a joint or common right or interest in any property from which the returns are derived;
(4) The receipt by a person of a share of the profits of a business is prima facie evidence that he is a partner in the business, but no such inference shall be drawn if such profits were received in payment:
(a) As a debt by installments or otherwise;
(b) As wages of an employee or rent to a landlord;
(c) As an annuity to a widow or representative of a deceased partner;
(d) As interest on a loan, though the amount of payment vary with the profits of the business;
(e) As the consideration for the sale of a goodwill of a business or other property by installments or otherwise. (Civil Code; Republic Act No. 386)
Sa pagtukoy kung mayroon pakikipagsosyo (partnership), ang mga panuntunang ito ay dapat isaalangalang:
(1) Kung hindi magkasosyo ang dalawang tao para sa isa't isa, hindi sila magkasosyo para sa ibang tao.
(2) Kahit na mayroong magkakasamang pagkamay-ari ay hindi agad ibig sabihing may pakikipagsosyo, kahit pa naghahati-hati ang mga may-ari sa kita (profit) ng ariarian.
(3) Ang paghahati-hait ng kabuuang kita ay hindi ang nagiisang takda para matiyak na may pakikipagsosyo, kahit pa mayroong magkasamang karapatan or pakinabang sa ari-arian kung saan nakukuha ang kita.
(4) Ang taong nakakuha o nakakukuha ng hati sa kita ng isang negosyo ay ebidensiya sa unang tingin (prima facie evidence) na siya ay kasosyo sa negosyo. Pero, hindi masusunod ang panuntunang ito kapag nakukuha ang kita dahil sa:
(a) Bayad sa utang;
(b) Bayad sa sweldo ng mga manggagawa;
(c) Bayad sa renta;
(d) Taun-tanong bayad sa isang balo o kinatawan ng isang namatay na kasosyo;
(e) Bayad sa interes sa utang, kahit pa base sa laki ng kita ng negosyo ang ibabayad; at
(e) Bayad para sa pagbenta ng pangalan ng negosyo o anupamang ari-arian.
(2) Kahit na mayroong magkakasamang pagkamay-ari ay hindi agad ibig sabihing may pakikipagsosyo, kahit pa naghahati-hati ang mga may-ari sa kita (profit) ng ariarian.
(3) Ang paghahati-hait ng kabuuang kita ay hindi ang nagiisang takda para matiyak na may pakikipagsosyo, kahit pa mayroong magkasamang karapatan or pakinabang sa ari-arian kung saan nakukuha ang kita.
(4) Ang taong nakakuha o nakakukuha ng hati sa kita ng isang negosyo ay ebidensiya sa unang tingin (prima facie evidence) na siya ay kasosyo sa negosyo. Pero, hindi masusunod ang panuntunang ito kapag nakukuha ang kita dahil sa:
(a) Bayad sa utang;
(b) Bayad sa sweldo ng mga manggagawa;
(c) Bayad sa renta;
(d) Taun-tanong bayad sa isang balo o kinatawan ng isang namatay na kasosyo;
(e) Bayad sa interes sa utang, kahit pa base sa laki ng kita ng negosyo ang ibabayad; at
(e) Bayad para sa pagbenta ng pangalan ng negosyo o anupamang ari-arian.